Comparison of Two Films Essay - 1290 Words

In that paper, I will try to compare two films which are A Birth of a Nation directed by D.W.Griffith and The Bicycle Thieves directed by De Sica. After giving the story of the films, I will try to explain their technical features and their similarities. A Birth of a Nation by D. W. Griffith Griffith can be seen as the first modern director, his greatest achievements being the historical epics The Birth Of A Nation. When it was released, it was one of the longest films ever made, over three hours in length. The prologue depicts the introduction of slavery to America in the seventeenth century and the beginnings of the abolitionist movement. The major part of the film depicts the events before, during and after the Civil†¦show more content†¦The mainstream picture was probably the best advertisement that the KU KLUX KLAN could have had. The vilifying of blacks also led to the Jim Crow system. When it was portrayed in this movie as acceptable, people in the South felt much better about doing horrible deeds to black citizens, denying blacks their civil rights Though the portrayal of both blacks and the KU KLUX KLAN were extremely off track, the movie itself was an amazing work of cinema for its time. This was probably the first movie to use hundreds of extra in a battle scene. These scenes were well crafted by the filmmaker, and while not to the perfection of more modern films such as Braveheart, the technology and genius that the filmmaker used rival such films. To think that the movie was released only fifty years after the end of the Civil War makes the feat seem even more incredible. In seeing the huge battles, I did not need sound to hear the sounds of battleShow MoreRelated Comparison Of Two Films: Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pagestry to compare two films which are â€Å"A Birth of a Nation† directed by D.W.Griffith and â€Å"The Bicycle Thieves† directed by De Sica. After giving the story of the films, I will try to explain their technical features and their similarities. A Birth of a Nation by D. W. Griffith nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Griffith can be seen as the first modern director, his greatest achievements being the historical epics The Birth Of A Nation. When it was released, it was one of the longest films ever made, overRead MoreA Comparison of the Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet1789 Words   |  8 PagesA Comparison of the Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet I have been studying the prologue to Romeo and Juliet written by the magnificent playwright, William Shakespeare sometime between 1594 and 1596. Still globally acknowledgedRead MoreA Comparison of Two Film Adaptations of Hamlet Essay741 Words   |  3 Pagesfeel the music has already given the film. The first scene gives a little comic relief when the guards become confused after seeing the ghost. When the camera enters the looming castle a celebration is being had and is abruptly interrupted by the mysterious Hamlet. The real life of the play starts to be seen upon Hamlets entrance; Hamlets costume and character are very bold and start to add to the impact of the setting, costume, and gestures throughout the film. Roger Ebert thinks alike: The cameraRead MoreComparison of Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet Essay733 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare’s play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ was made into a film by two different directors. Baz Luhrmann’s to Franco Zeffirelli’s interpretation of Romeo and Juliet were very distinct and they both appeal to different age group audiences. Franco Zeffirelli’s version was the first film of Romeo and Juliet. It was produced in 1968 and it was quiet typical, exactly what the audience would have expected the film of ‘RomeoRead MoreA Comparison of Film Techniques of Two Film Versions of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1861 Words   |  8 PagesA Comparison of Film Techniques of Two Film Versions of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Mary Shelley wrote her novel Frankenstein when she was just a young girl of nineteen. She wrote it in 1816, when she went on holiday with her friend, Byron. Byron was already a famous poet, and it was him who suggested that whilst they were away, they should both write a ghost story. At the time it was just a way of passing time and having fun for Mary Shelley, but little did she know thatRead MoreA Comparison of the Establishment of Genre and Narrative in Two Crime Films2370 Words   |  10 PagesA Comparison of the Establishment of Genre and Narrative in Two Crime Films In this essay I will compare how genre and narrative are established in 2 crime films. The main iconography of this genre is fairly easy to identify; props such as guns, latex gloves, sirens, rain are used frequently in Hollywood crime films such as Se7en (1995). The conventions of this genre are also fairly easy to recognise: detectives with long trench coats, the killer being the least likely Read More Comparison of Two Films About King Arthur Essay3985 Words   |  16 Pagescountless interpretations and adaptations. Today, we not only have countless Arthurian books, but many movies on the subject as well. In this paper I hope to compare and contrast two such Arthurian movies, Excalibur and King Arthur, and discuss what each film adds to the treasury of Arthurian lore. It is hard to believe that two completely opposite movies are based on the same literature. The movie Excalibur is like a modern day Morte dArthur, while the more recent King Arthur differs greatly from allRead MoreEssay about A Comparison of Two Film Openings to Great Expectations1356 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison of Two Film Openings to Great Expectations The story Great Expectations is based in Victorian times and was written by Charles Dickens in the 1860s. This novel which Charles Dickens wrote has been produced as a film one version by David Lean and another by B.B.C. The B.B.C version is the modern version and the version produced by David Lean is the traditional version. I will be comparing these two versions of the openings to Great Expectations. TheseRead MoreA Comparison of Two Film Trailers: Lord of the Rings Return of the King and The Gladiator1502 Words   |  7 PagesA Comparison of Two Film Trailers: Lord of the Rings Return of the King and The Gladiator In this coursework, I will be comparing two different film trailers, â€Å"Lord of the rings _ the return of the king† and the â€Å"Gladiator†. Film trailers are promos designed by the film industry to attract the viewer’s attention towards a specific film. They are usually compiled of interesting and short clips of the film, usually leaving the viewers with a cliffhanger. This increasesRead MoreThe Breakfast Club : A Perfect Source For The Study Of Communication Theory1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe film, â€Å"The Breakfast Club† is a perfect source for the study of communication theory. It possesses the potential for numerous conversations regarding theories that even the most basic scholar of communication could discuss. For example, there are countless displays of symbolic convergence, symbolic interactionism, relational dialectics, cathartic scenes, identification, and social comparison. When viewing this movie it is hard to ignore these theories being put into practice. They constitute

The Guide Of The Perplexed - 1500 Words

Summary of The Guide of the Perplexed Maimonides is a twelfth century, Jewish philosopher, and author of The Guide of the Perplexed. In the essay, Maimonides explains how educated individuals with knowledge of the divine science are to understand God’s secrets. He states that the secrets are explained through parables and riddles. Those who explain the secrets cannot fully describe them so they must use obscure language. Educated men in Maimonides’ essay have knowledge manifested to them through God by lightning flashes that are dictated by how willing the men are to allow themselves have a more internal understanding of the knowledge presented to them. Maimonides’ treatise is meant to clarify the meanings of the prophecies used in the books of prophecy for those men who have studied philosophy and religion. Equivocal terms are open to one or more meanings while univocal means when a word only has one meaning. Derivative terms are words that are derived from another or root word of the same meaning. Lastly, amphibolous terms are words that are either univocal or equivocal. (5) While the treatise is meant to explain those terms, in no way is it supposed to be an explanation for the books of prophecy for the scripturally uneducated or â€Å"vulgar†. Maimonides states that while the men who have studied scripture and God are perplexed as they try to understand the above-mentioned terms, it is their decision to either allow or deny themselves to be drawn to try to understand bothShow MoreRelatedThe Guide For The Perplexed2603 Words   |  11 PagesThe Guide for the Perplexed is in a separate category different from the pu rely religious original commentary in the Mishneh Torah. It is highly regarded as a major philosophical text in truth, however it will be better and more correct to call it a theological treatise. It seeks to reconcile the Jewish faith and religion with the challenges against it from philosophic and scientific texts at the time, specifically the system of Aristotle and his followers. A great deal of its contents overlap withRead MoreAnalysis Of Maimonides s The Guide Of The Perplexed 1394 Words   |  6 PagesMaimonides was a 12th-century Jewish philosopher who later went on to become one of the most influential scholars of the Middle Ages. Maimonides is the author of The Guide of the Perplexed, an essay written to help an educated individual understand the search for knowledge and the differences existing between divine and natural science. Maimonides believes that knowledge is not for those who know nothing about philosophy, but rather those who have practiced philosophy for som e time. Using the metaphorRead MoreMoses Maimonides : A Scholar Of The Middle Ages Who Decoded1497 Words   |  6 PagesMAIMONIDES Moses Maimonides, widely known as RaMBaM was a scholar of the Middle Ages who decoded, translated and created major Jewish texts, which much of Judaism has foundations on. Through his works, namely the Commentary of the Mishnah, the Guide for the Perplexed, and the Mishneh Torah, Maimonides aided the Jewish community through the clarifications of beliefs, the challenge of questioning one’s beliefs, maintaining relevances to the Jewish community and shaped interactions within and between JudaismRead MoreRabbi Moshe Ben Maimon, A Jewish Scholar, Astrologer And Physician Of The Twelfth Century1407 Words   |  6 PagesWritten next, Guide for the Perplexed was a collection of philosophical texts that addressed fundamental concepts within Judaism and religion itself. Within the texts Maimonides discussed the dichotomy of good and evil, the nature of God and anthropomorphisms within the Bible, and paralleled religious creationism and Aristotle’s metaphysical studies concerni ng how the world came into being. As a Rational Humanist, one of the core ideas Maimonides expressed within Guide for the Perplexed was that logicalRead MoreIntelligent Clinicians Guide To The Dsm-5 Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesthat what the DSM really is? Or, is really only a rough draft of diagnoses based on the supposed consensus of experts? This seems to be the question that drives the explanation and critique forwarded by Dr. Joel Paris in The Intelligent Clinician’s Guide to the DSM-5 ®. A good place to start is to envision a mental disorder as similar to that of a medical diagnosis; viz., that both require scientific classification. However, the differences arise in that mental disorders lack the more fundamental understandingRead MoreDivine Love In The Inferno1232 Words   |  5 PagesDante’s masterwork, The Divine Comedy, Dante traverse through Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise. He is lead through the inferno by the ancient poet Virgil, and while Virgil is still present as a guide through Purgatory, there is a defined shift in his role. Through Inferno, he is without a doubt a knowledgeable guide, whilst in Purgatorio, Virgil walks behind Dante and often relies on the souls ascending Mount Purgatory to help led the way. Dante uses this shift, and the allegorical representation of VirgilRead MorePlato s Meno : True Opinion Vs.983 Words   |  4 Pagesthat could be applied to all people across all spectrums. Socrates made the evaluation that Meno was attempting to define virtue through his opinion of what virtue was rather than through knowledge, and that was one of the contributing factors that perplexed the two men in coining a singular definition of virtue. During the argument, Socrates uses metaphors and other analogies to demonstrate the similarities and differences between true opinion and knowledge. Socrates utilized the metaphor of DaedalusRead MoreSummary : Take Home Exam Essay1766 Words   |  8 Pages[footnoteRef:3] [0: Shapiro, Scott. (2007) The Hart-Dworkin debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed. Public Law and Legal Theory Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 77 (March 2007) ] [1: Dworkin, Ronald. (1967) The Models of Rules I. as quoted in Shapiro, Scott. (2007) The Hart-Dworkin debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed. pp. 9 ] [2: Ibid. pp 9] [3: Shapiro, Scott. (2007) The Hart-Dworkin debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed. Public Law and Legal Theory Working Paper Series, Working Paper NoRead More U.S Human Rights Intervention Essay650 Words   |  3 Pagesor not because this will continue to ensure that the U.S. plays a major role in shaping other countries foreign policy and remaining a key player in wor ld politics. Editor and Author, Robert Kagan maintains in his book, â€Å"American Power – A guide for the perplexed† that American â€Å"national interests† need to be interpreted broadly to take into account the country’s position as world leader. Intervening only where our interests are involved will make other countries suspicious in their dealings withRead MoreJesus And The Politics Of Interpretation816 Words   |  4 Pagesrather, â€Å"it is a sustained rhetorical inquiry into the scholarly discourses that produce the Historical-Jesus as an article of trade and an object of spiritual consumption in the global capitalist market†. (Fiorenza 13) The Historical Jesus: A Guide for the Perplexed by Helen K. Bond is a supplement to Fiorenza as it is full of the quests which Fiorenza desires to challenge. The Historical-Jesus as a â€Å"symbolic scholarly construct and as an ideologically produced subject† allows elite men to be in a position

Personal Effectiveness for Assistance Program - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePersonal Effectiveness for Assistance Program. Answer: The meeting was conducted with the manager in order to discuss the different health challenges that were being faced by all the employees of the MacVille Company. There was a large scale absenteeism that was gradually increasing in the company. These absent rates were increasing mainly due to the health related issues. If no steps or remedy measures are taken immediately then the absent rates will keep on increasing and this in turn will hamper the total production of the company (Joyce et al 2016). Hence, several health training sessions must be arranged by the company under the Employee Assistance program scheme. This will enable the company to make an evaluation of the different kinds of issues that are being faced by the employees. This will be the identification step. After the identification, there will be the planning and implementation phase, where different programs related to health issues will be set up for the employees and; lastly the evaluation and feedback phase in ord er to get an idea about the experience of the employees and about the success of program. The timeframe allotted for this process will be 12 months. Objectives The main objectives of the program were to set up various heath safeties and well being sessions for the employees so that they can participate in it and get rid of all their health issues (Giese and Cook 2014). This will help in identifying and mitigating the health issue that is being faced by all the employees at the workplace that is at Mac Ville. The objective was to carry on a health, nutrition and well being survey for all the employees (Shrestha et al 2016). Their medical tests were also conducted including the BMI and cholesterol tests as well. This was done so that the employees can attend the programs and manage their health issues. Progress of program The entire program was more or less successful. There was a positive reaction available from almost all the employees. The number of employees interested in the services of a health coach increased from 15% to 24%. As per the employee feedback and the survey most of the programs were attended by all the employees as they were interested and also got positive results. Dealing with obesity was one of the targets of this scheme. The employees who were diagnosed to be obese attended the session and also lost weight under the Macvilles biggest loser program. However some employees could not participate due to the time managementproblem. Feedback The employee feedback was more or less positive. The employees were really interested in all the health sessions. The stress management workshop and the Macvilles biggest loser were attended by a large number of employees as it proved quite beneficial to them. However the employees found it tough to agree to the QUIT campaign as they did not want to quit their lunch break for these sessions. Moreover, employees found it tough to part take in the early morning walk as they could not get shower and breakfast on time. The corporate fund raising walk was also not attended by many because of lack of proper information and awareness (Richard 2014). Some modifications that can be made are particularly in the time management. The fund that is to be allotted right at the beginning of the year must be done taking into consideration all the needs and requirements of the employees. There must be a well developed communication system developed so that the employees can be informed about the time and date of the programs so that they do not miss it. The scheduling of the QUIT campaign must be done keeping in mind the lunch break of employees. Separate time slots must be allotted for these sessions. Employees do need some refreshments in the midst of the long working hour. So, it must not be done during break time. The early morning walk is to be scheduled at such a time so that the employees can at least get their breakfast before joining in. Proper arrangement is to be made regarding the timings of the campaigns so as not to hamper the eating or resting time of the employees. It has to be kept in mind that these sessions are for the e mployee betterment so it must be done as per their convenience. References Giese, K.K. and Cook, P.F., 2014. Reducing obesity among employees of a manufacturing plant: translating the Diabetes Prevention Program to the workplace. Workplace health safety, 62(4), pp.136-141. Joyce, S., Modini, M., Christensen, H., Mykletun, A., Bryant, R., Mitchell, P.B. and Harvey, S.B., 2016. Workplace interventions for common mental disorders: a systematic meta-review. Psychological medicine, 46(4), pp.683-697. Richard, M.A., 2014. Employee assistance programs: Wellness/enhancement programming. Charles C Thomas Publisher. Shrestha, N., Pedisic, Z., Neil-Sztramko, S., Kukkonen-Harjula, K.T. and Hermans, V., 2016. The Impact of obesity in the workplace: A review of contributing factors, consequences and potential solutions. Current obesity reports, 5(3), pp.344-360.

Russia in Wto free essay sample

Affaires Master of International Business Essay â€Å"Russian Federation in WTO: Advantages and disadvantages† Written by student Alexandra S. Gudimova MIB group Moscow 2013 Content Introduction3 Russian Federation in WTO: advantages4 Russian Federation in WTO: disadvantages6 Controversial issues8 Market access for goods — tariff and quota commitments8 Conclusion9 References11 Introduction Russian Federation an integral part of the global community. Defining the individual path of economic and political development, of our country however cannot remain aloof from the processes taking place around. The modern world is dictating its terms, and any State has the right to decide whether to accept them or not. And if State takes, it has to be unconditionally or amended at the features of the development. Russias accession to the WTO, to which country was going neither more nor less than 18 years, is just such a step considering the basic situation of world economic processes, Russia could not take them entirely due to a number of national characteristics. We will write a custom essay sample on Russia in Wto or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition, Russian Federation on its way to join the World Trade Organization faced many obstacles both political and economic, and also social issues. There was even an attempt to hold a referendum against the entry of Russia into the WTO; however, this attempt has not succeeded. So, August 22, 2012 can be considered the starting point of a new stage of development of the Russian Federation it became an official member of the WTO one hundred and fifty sixth member of the WTO (156-th). It accessed on favorable terms. Among the Big Twenty Russian Federation entered the WTO the last. However, nowadays the controversy on that subject does not cease. In this essay I try to understand what kind of benefits our country will gain as a result of this move and will clarify if there are any minuses of Russias accession to the World Trade Organization. The World Trade Organization was established in 1994 and is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which, in turn, has existed since 1947. Nowadays    the organization controls about 97% of world trade. The main objectives of the WTO are the liberalization of international trade, contribution to the economic growth in member countries and hence the increase of welfare of their citizens. In order to make decisions of such serious problems documents have been developed within the structure and, of course, their implementation should be mandatory by all members of WTO. Undoubtedly, Russias accession to the WTO is not synonymous with its bright economic future, because every process has both positive and negative sides. Russian Federation in WTO: advantages 1) Improving the image of the country as an equal participant in world trade. Reducing barriers to international trade market. Free access to established international dispute resolution schemes in the field of trade (there is special Commission for the settlement of disputes in WTO). More opportunities for Russian investors to participate in the economies of the countries members of the WTO. 2) Increase in competition in the financial sector as a result it could be the reduction of loan rates for households and for small and medium-sized businesses. 3) The modernization of the national economy in accordance with the requirements of the nowadays stage of development of trade and economic relations. Many Russian producers will be forced to pay special attention to the quality of their products in order to provide it with high competitiveness otherwise it will be impossible to enter the world market. 4) Reduction of fees. As a result the number of imported goods will become cheaper (for instance: medicines, foods, clothes, IT-products, etc. ). Definitely from this reduction will benefit only consumers, however Russian producers may lose. There will be also a decline in export duties, which will lead to the fact that Russian exports will also increase. From that decline will benefit mainly natural resource industries. Foreign companies will be more active in the Russian market and will enhance competition. As a result Russian goods will also become cheaper. 6) Entrance into the WTO is a major step for our country. The Russian foreign economic activity will become more predictable and stable. As a result, it can be expected an increase in the number of foreign investment. Also, probably, the ruble will become less volatile. 7) The transparency of trade laws of WTO members. Certainly, it is always easier to build trade and economic relations with a clear understanding of the positions of the parties, without any pitfalls. There will be a support for trade and economic interests in the process of adoption of new legislation in the field of international trade. Independent experts claim: * Accession to the WTO is positive for the Russian economy, as it assumes the improvement of the investment climate in the country and the potential attraction of the new technologies in the economy. The increase in the volume of foreign investments as a result of Russias accession to the WTO could amount at least a few percent of GDP, while the reduction of fees under agreements (import and export) will be only 430 billion rubles or 0.8% of GDP. Russia’s Accession of WTO Membership is also positive for the Russian budget, according to, forecasts; the growth of foreign trade will grow in the coming years at around 10% annually, so it can be quite optimistic about the prospects for the federal budget and the state treasury income growth. The expert believes that the main beneficiaries of Russias accession to the W TO will be Iron industry (ferrous and non-ferrous metals), oil and gas industries, chemical and consumer sector and the transport sector, etc. The main benefit of joining the WTO will be felt by exporters, as it will be easier for them to operate, since membership in the organization eliminates the possibility of the introduction of protective duties on exported Russian products. This will help to make more profitable export-oriented industries with high added value, which will improve the structure of the Russian economy and will help to reduce dependence on oil and gas exports. Russian Federation in WTO: disadvantages 1)   Many Russian companies will be unable to compete. As a result there will be a loss of jobs; the number of unemployed will increase. Particularly serious consequences will be in single-industry city, where because of the bankruptcy of city-forming enterprise can arise a social explosion. 2) The reduction of import duties could lead to the fact that a number of goods would be unprofitable to produce in Russia. The greatest risk is for the agricultural sector (both crop and livestock). 3) Reduction of import duties may have a negative impact on the domestic auto industry the influx of second-hand imported cars is a direct threat to Russian automakers. (Example: The customs duty for import of used vehicles, until recently, was more than 40 000 Euros. After Russias accession to the WTO, it will fall by more than 4 times). 4) Reduction of export duties will lead to further budget deficit, which will be paid by the emission of government bonds. This may lead to an increase in public debt, with all its further consequences. 5) . The Russian economy will lose considerable flexibility in the foreign trade. For example, Russia will not be able so zealously protect our car industry, which is now in the hothouse conditions, and in times of drought will not be able to set an embargo on agricultural products, as it was in 2010. It will be more difficult for Russian Federation to get rid of dependence on raw materials. Independent experts claim: * Analysts argue that there are few industries in Russia which will gain disadvantages of joining the WTO, but for the most vulnerable among them (in particular agriculture, production of cars, machinery, and light industry) it has been able to get longer transition periods for 5-7 years. This will allow to these industries to prepare more effectively for accession to the WTO. These industries will suffer from the fact that there will be a large number of the more interesting goods to buyers in terms of the price and quality, accordingly, some domestic companies in these sectors will lose a large volume of sales, revenue and profit due to increased competition. * However, it is likely when analyzing the IRR (internal rate of return) of the project to establish its own production or to start importing some goods; entrepreneurs come to the conclusion that net import is more interesting and profitable. In this case, none of the Russian ruble will receive from this membership in WTO. There will be only losses as the reduction of fees would kill domestic producers, which immediately causes the growth of unemployment and social collapse, and even a revolutionary situation. * What will happen to Russia can be seen by examining what has happened to the other countries that joined the WTO, the economy of which were as unprepared as Russias. For example, in the Ukraine, which joined the WTO in May 2008, came the crisis in automobile industry (-57% in 2009) and the decline of some sectors of agriculture. For example, there was the decrease in the production of flour (-10% in 2009 and -13% in 2011. ), in bakery products (-8% in 2009 and -9% in 2011. ), in dairy products  (-8% in 2009 and -10% in 2011. ). Fell sharply the production of beef, veal and pork (-21% in 2009 and -12% in 2011. ). Controversial issues In addition to positive and negative aspects of Russias WTO accession there are still some controversial issues. These include the gradual disappearance of one-company towns (single-industry city). Another controversial fact is that the WTO obligates Russia to purchase genetic engineering products (GMO products). For this reason Russia may gradually turn into a region, which will be full of genetically modified foods, because the agreement between the participating countries does not enable to thoroughly examine all imported goods, given the fact that trade relations between the WTO members are built primarily on trust. Therefore, these facts can create insurmountable problems for the food security of the population, and it is a very significant disadvantage. Another question is: will foreign direct investment be attracted into Russia in order to satisfy the domestic demand or it will be more preferable to import from China and the Eurozone? Market access for goods — tariff and quota commitments As part of the accession, Russia concluded 30 bilateral agreements on market access for services and 57 on market access for goods. Below is some information from the site of WTO. On average, the final legally binding tariff ceiling for the Russian Federation will be 7.  8% compared with a 2011  average of 10% for all products: * The average tariff ceiling for agriculture products will be 10. 8%, lower than the current average   of 13. 2% * The ceiling average for manufactured goods will be 7. 3% vs. the 9. 5% average today on manufactured imports. Russia has agreed to lower its tariffs on a wide range of products. Average duties after full implementation of tariff reductions will be:    * 14. 9% for dairy products (current applied tariff 19. 8%) * 7.  1% for oilseeds, fats and oils (current applied tariff 9. 0%) * 5. 2% for chemicals (current applied tariff 6. 5%) * 12. 0% for automobiles (current applied tariff 15. 5%) * 6. 2% for electrical machinery (current applied tariff 8. 4%) * 8. 0% for wood and paper (current applied tariff 13. 4%) Conclusion WTO membership is a great opportunity for Russia to improve its economic and business environment and gain more political strength and power over other countries in the international arena. However, the drawbacks brought up by membership may be too significant to ignore under the current situation even if all the benefits are considered together. The world is now changing very rapidly, and globalization is taking place everywhere, therefore joining the WTO looks inevitable for Russia to improve its economy. Such improvements could make Russia look more attractive to investors with resolution of the issues concerning property rights and gas prices, as well as the unraveling of trade conflicts with former independent Soviet republics. Experts indicate different time frame in which should the first results of the Russian accession to the World Trade Organization appear. According to forecasts, on average the adaptation of the national economy will take 6-7 years. It seems that during this time the controversy around this issue will die down and then flare up with renewed vigor. In the long run, the WTO membership should be very beneficial for Russia. It will create a much more favorable business environment in Russia. For example, the WTO membership will improve the legal system and enhance the legal environment for business in Russia; hence, it will positively affect the business investment climate in Russian markets. There are certain industries that will receive more benefits than others with Russia’s WTO accession. Those are telecommunications, metallurgy, footwear, garments, electronics, and strong alcoholic beverages; however, other industries will be facing increased competition and struggle to survive in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, furniture, the insurance industry, retail, and certain parts of the chemical  industry. Some regions of Russia will be sensitive to the changes in tariff policies, especially those with a high share of industries depending on high import share. The overall result of WTO membership accession should be beneficial for Russia. It will bring reduction of tariffs and quotas, reform young service industry, which is still under development and needs a lot of government protection. However, it will shack up the labor intensive industry sectors and raise the unemployment rate, which in the long run will go down with the market situation eventually balancing out.